United Nation Day

 

United Nations Day

United Nations Day is celebrated annually on October 24th, marking the anniversary of the entry into force of the United Nations (UN) Charter in 1945 and was first observed on October 24, 1948. It was established in the aftermath of World War II to prevent future conflicts and promote global peace. It symbolises the founding of an organisation created to foster international cooperation, maintain peace and security, and promote human rights and social progress. Over time, its mission has expanded to include sustainable development, human rights, gender equality, and environmental protection (UN, 2023). For countries like Nigeria, a significant member of the UN, this day offers an opportunity to reflect on its role and contributions to achieving the goals set forth by the UN.

Nigeria’s Role and Engagement with the UN

Nigeria joined the UN on October 7, 1960, just a few days after gaining independence from British colonial rule. Since then, Nigeria has played a pivotal role in the UN's peacekeeping missions, human rights advocacy, and efforts to achieve sustainable development goals (SDGs). The country's contributions to peacekeeping are particularly notable; Nigerian troops have participated in numerous UN peacekeeping operations in regions such as Congo, Sudan, and Liberia, demonstrating its commitment to global peace and stability (Adebajo, 2018).

Nigeria's engagement with the UN is also evident in its efforts to address issues related to poverty, healthcare, education, and gender equality. By aligning with the UN's 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, Nigeria has committed to achieving the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), aiming to end poverty, fight inequality, and address climate change by 2030 (United Nations Development Programme [UNDP], 2022). It serves as a day to reflect on the country's challenges and to renew commitments toward achieving the UN's objectives. For instance, Nigeria faces significant challenges in poverty reduction, healthcare, and education, which are central to the SDGs. As of 2023, approximately 40% of Nigeria's population lives below the poverty line, highlighting the urgent need for more effective policies and international cooperation (World Bank, 2023).

Conclusion

United Nations Day is more than just a commemoration; it is a call to action for countries like Nigeria to continue their efforts toward achieving global peace, security, and development. Nigeria's participation in the UN has been marked by significant contributions to peacekeeping and its commitment to the Sustainable Development Goals. While challenges remain, the observance of UN Day underscores the importance of international collaboration and the role of nations like Nigeria in shaping a better future for all.

References

Adebajo, A. (2018). *Nigeria and the United Nations Peacekeeping Operations*. Oxford University Press.

Akinyemi, B. (2020). *Nigeria’s Role in Promoting Peace and Security in Africa*. African Affairs, 119(476), 564-583.

United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). (2022). *Nigeria and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)*. Retrieved from [https://www.undp.org/nigeria](https://www.undp.org/nigeria)

UN. (2023). *The History and Purpose of the United Nations*. Retrieved from [https://www.un.org/en/about-us/history-of-the-un](https://www.un.org/en/about-us/history-of-the-un)

World Bank. (2023). *Poverty and Equity Brief: Nigeria*. Retrieved from [https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/nigeria/publication/poverty-and-equity](https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/nigeria/publication/poverty-and-equity)

International Day for the Eradication of Poverty

 International Day for the Eradication of Poverty

The International Day for the Eradication of Poverty, observed on October 17 every year, was established by the United Nations (UN) to raise awareness of the need to eradicate poverty and address social exclusion and inequality issues.

The International Day for the Eradication of Poverty originated from the efforts of Father Joseph Wresinski in 1987 when over 100,000 people gathered in Paris to honour the victims of extreme poverty, violence, and hunger (United Nations, 2023). The United Nations recognised this movement and officially designated October 17 as a day to reaffirm its commitment to the fight against poverty and to emphasise that poverty eradication is a prerequisite for achieving sustainable development and global peace.

The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), specifically Goal 1—“No Poverty,” outline the international community’s commitment to ending poverty in all its forms everywhere by 2030 (United Nations, 2023). This day is an opportunity to highlight the achievements made so far and draw attention to areas that require urgent action.

Nigeria, despite being one of the largest economies in Africa, faces significant challenges in terms of poverty. According to the World Bank (2022), approximately 40% of Nigeria's population, or about 83 million people, live below the national poverty line. Several factors contribute to this high poverty rate, including a rapidly growing population, unemployment, political instability, and inadequate infrastructure. The situation is exacerbated by regional disparities, with northern Nigeria being disproportionately affected by poverty compared to the southern regions.

In Nigeria, poverty is a lack of income and poor access to healthcare, education, clean water, and sanitation. This multidimensional poverty has far-reaching effects, limiting people's opportunities for growth, innovation, and improved quality of life. Despite efforts by the Nigerian government to implement policies and programs aimed at poverty reduction, such as the National Social Investment Program (NSIP), the impact has been relatively limited due to issues related to corruption, mismanagement of resources, and lack of sustainable strategies.

One key area of focus today is the promotion of inclusive economic growth. Nigeria's poverty reduction strategy must prioritise job creation, particularly for the youth, who make up a significant portion of the population. Additionally, investment in education and skill development is crucial to empower individuals with the tools they need to break the cycle of poverty.

Another essential aspect is addressing the gender dimension of poverty. Women in Nigeria are more likely to be poor than men due to factors such as limited access to education, healthcare, and economic opportunities (World Economic Forum, 2023). Empowering women through targeted programs and policies can significantly contribute to poverty reduction in the country.

 References

United Nations. (2023). *International Day for the Eradication of Poverty*. Available at: https://www.un.org/en/observances/poverty-eradication-day

World Bank. (2022). *Nigeria Development Update: The Continuing Urgency of Business Unusual*. Available at: https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/nigeria/publication/nigeria-development-update

World Economic Forum. (2023). *Global Gender Gap Report 2023*. Available at: https://www.weforum.org/reports/global-gender-gap-report-2023

World Mental Health Day 10th October

World Mental Health Day

World Mental Health Day, observed on October 10th each year, serves as a crucial reminder of the importance of mental health and well-being globally. This day aims to raise awareness, reduce stigma, and promote mental health initiatives for individuals across different communities and cultures. In Nigeria, a nation grappling with socio-economic challenges, the significance of mental health cannot be overstated. With a population of over 200 million people, Nigeria's mental health burden is substantial, requiring urgent attention from both the government and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) to improve mental health services and support systems.

The mental health situation in Nigeria is marked by a high prevalence of mental health disorders coupled with inadequate healthcare services to address these issues. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), about 20-30% of Nigerians suffer from one form of mental disorder or another, with depression, anxiety, and substance abuse being the most common (WHO, 2020). However, despite the high prevalence, mental health remains a low priority in the country's healthcare system, often overshadowed by physical health concerns.

The stigma associated with mental health issues in Nigeria is another major obstacle preventing individuals from seeking help. Cultural beliefs and misconceptions often lead to discrimination against those suffering from mental illnesses. This stigma is reinforced by traditional views that attribute mental health disorders to spiritual causes or moral failings, making it difficult for affected individuals to receive proper treatment and support.

Nigeria has made some strides in addressing mental health issues through policy and awareness initiatives. The passing of the National Mental Health Act in 2021 significantly improved the country's mental health framework (Nigerian National Assembly, 2021). This Act focuses on protecting the rights of people with mental illnesses and ensuring their access to appropriate care. However, implementation remains challenging due to limited resources, insufficient funding, and a lack of trained mental health professionals.

International organizations and local NGOs are also crucial in promoting mental health awareness in Nigeria. Organizations like the Mentally Aware Nigeria Initiative (MANI) and She Writes Woman have been at the forefront of advocacy, offering support services and raising awareness about mental health issues through various campaigns.

Where to Get Help for Mental Health in Nigeria

1. Hospitals and Clinics: Major cities like Lagos, Abuja, and Port Harcourt have psychiatric departments or clinics offering mental health services. The Federal Neuro-Psychiatric Hospital in Yaba, Lagos, and Aro Neuropsychiatric Hospital in Abeokuta are leading institutions providing specialized care for mental health disorders.

2. Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs): NGOs such as the Mentally Aware Nigeria Initiative (MANI) offer counselling services, mental health first aid, and suicide prevention support.

3. Online Counselling Services: Platforms like PsychNG, EOON Care Online Consultant, and The Olive Prime Psychological Services provide online counselling and therapy sessions, making mental health support more accessible to people regardless of their location in Nigeria.

References

Nigerian National Assembly (2021). National Mental Health Act. Retrieved from [https://nass.gov.ng](https://nass.gov.ng).

World Health Organization (2020). Mental Health in Nigeria: Statistics and Data. Retrieved from [https://who.int](https://who.int).

World Teachers Day

 

World Teachers Day

Each year on October 5th, people around the globe come together to celebrate World Teachers Day. It’s a day dedicated to appreciating the tireless efforts of educators who shape minds, inspire hearts, and lay the foundation for future generations. Since its inception in 1994 by UNESCO, World Teachers Day has become a powerful reminder of the significant role teachers play in transforming lives and societies.

World Teachers Day commemorates the anniversary of adopting the 1966 ILO/UNESCO Recommendation concerning the Status of Teachers. This document outlined essential standards regarding teachers' rights, responsibilities, employment, and the importance of quality education. It also emphasised that the teaching profession is not just a job but a mission that requires dedication, respect, and appropriate support. Over the decades, this day has grown into a global celebration, recognizing teachers; contributions in shaping the future through education.

Teachers are the architects of society, shaping young minds that will one day become leaders,

innovators, and problem-solvers. Whether in classrooms, online platforms, or informal settings, teachers impart knowledge, nurture critical thinking, and foster creativity.

Teaching is often seen as a thankless job, but World Teachers; Day serves as a reminder of educators' critical role. Recognition is vital throughout the year, not just on this specific day. Schools, communities, and governments must show appreciation by creating environments where teachers are valued, respected, and adequately compensated.

Additionally, continuous professional development opportunities are crucial to ensuring that

teachers stay updated with the latest teaching methodologies and technologies. Governments,

institutions and private organisations can collaborate to offer training programs that enhance

teachers’ skills, improve student outcomes, and ultimately contribute to the broader goal of

sustainable development.

As education systems continue to evolve, so does the teacher's role. Teachers must adapt to new tools and platforms that facilitate learning beyond traditional classrooms in an increasingly digital world. The future of education will likely involve a blend of in-person and virtual learning environments, where teachers must balance technology with personal connection. 

Yet, no matter how advanced our tools become, the human touch of a teacher will always remain irreplaceable. Teachers can inspire, motivate, and ignite a passion for learning that no technology can replicate. Their guidance helps students navigate not only academic challenges but also the complexities of life.

Conclusion

World Teachers Day is a moment to reflect on teachers' profound influence on individuals and society. It’s a day to celebrate their achievements, acknowledge their challenges, and reaffirm our collective commitment to supporting them. By ensuring teachers have the resources, respect, and recognition they deserve, we can build a future where education truly empowers all learners, leading to a more equitable and just world.

International Music Day and Nigerian Independence Day

International Music Day and Nigerian Independence Day

October 1st is not just another day on the calendar. It is a significant day globally as it marks International Music Day, a celebration of the universal language that unites humanity across borders. On this day, people from all corners of the world come together to appreciate the beauty of music. But for several countries, including Nigeria, Cyprus, Palau and Tuvalu this day holds additional significance as it coincides with their Independence Day. The confluence of International Music Day and Independence Day creates a powerful opportunity to reflect on freedom, unity, and cultural expression, which are core to music and national identity.

Music transcends boundaries and communicates emotions and ideas where words often fall short. International Music Day was first established in 1975 by the International Music Council (IMC) under the auspices of UNESCO. The day was envisioned as a global celebration of music's unique ability to bridge cultural gaps, promote peace, and foster collaboration. It is a reminder that while we may speak different languages, follow various customs, and lead different lives, music is a common thread that weaves us together as human beings.

Whether it's the heart-pounding rhythms of African drums, the serene melodies of classical

symphonies, or the high-energy beats of electronic dance music, every genre reflects the diversity of our world. Through music, people express their deepest emotions—joy, sadness, hope, and fear—and share them with others. This expression becomes even more poignant when music plays a role in significant national moments, such as independence celebrations.

October 1st is not only about music but also about the celebration of freedom for countries like

Nigeria and Cyprus commemorate their independence on this day. Independence Day for any country symbolises liberation, self-determination, and the triumph of national identity over colonial rule or foreign dominance. The struggles for independence have often been long and arduous, with music playing a crucial role in movements for freedom.

During Nigeria’s struggle for independence, music was a tool for resistance, protest, and hope.

Highlife music, in particular, became a rallying cry for Nigerian nationalists. Artists like Fela Kuti used their music to critique colonial powers and envision a future of self-governance, unity, and African pride. Even after independence was achieved in 1960, Nigerian music continued to evolve, celebrating the country's cultural diversity and independence. Music is a medium that allows countries to tell their stories—of struggle, triumph, and cultural richness—and to pass these stories on to future generations.

Conclusion

October 1st, as both International Music Day and Independence Day for several nations, provides a perfect moment to reflect on the symbiotic relationship between music and freedom. Music is not just a source of entertainment; it is a vital force that has powered movements for independence, unity, and peace across the globe. As we listen to the sounds of different cultures and celebrate the independence of nations, we are reminded that both music and freedom are fundamental to the human spirit.